Two-cycle gas engine



July l0, 1928. 1,676,512

H. E. ALLEN h TWO-CYCLE GAS ENGINE led Jun@ 17, 1924 2 Sheets-#Sheet 1 WM5@ l wrm I A'r'mle/wsv July 10, 1928.

IWW/ESS.

Patented July 10, 1928.

entre,

irreali.

HOWARD E. ALLEN, OF LIMA, OHIO.

TWO-CYCLE GAS ENGINE.

Applcatonrledune 17, 1924. Serial` No. 720,491.:

in a charge of gasf or vapor, compresses it,

tires' it and discharges'the burnt gases wl ile the crank makes but a single revolution andy While the piston makes one complete travel back-ward andi forward. y

Int general my invention contemplates the simplification of engines of this type, particularly as regards lubrication.

More particularly one ot'the objects ot my invention is to provide effective lubrication for two cycle engines oii'- the type in whichl the fueled-mission and exhaust is controlled by thel piston;

Another object of my invent-ion is to provide a simple arrangement whereby the upper piston ot a t'wo diameter piston may ,be effectively lulnicat'edv Iby jche splash system. l

Still another objectv et" my invention is to provide lubrication tor engines ot the class i describedE in s'u'ch` manner as to' prevent lubricantfrom entering the fuel ports.

How these: and? variousother objects and advantages can be real-ized through my invention will appear from my description hereinafter oi vthe best embodiment for the purpose known to me.

In the drawings, Fig. l is an elevationv ot my improved engine with the timing mechanism shown in section.

Fig. 2 is a transverse cross section through one ot the cylinders taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 3. l

Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal section through a tour-cylinder engine constructed in accordance with my invention, taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 4.

.F ig. 4 is a plan section taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3.

In order that the application of my invention may be better understood I will irst describe the particular engine shown in the drawings.

The engine illustrated is a tour-cylinder engine the cylinders of which are arranged to work in pairs. f In the drawings one pair of cylinders is indicated by the reference letter A, and the other pair by the reference letter B, the positions ot the pistons l, 9., 3 and 4 in the variouscylinders being shown in Fig. 3 with the reference numerals 1, 2, 3 and 4 applied in the order of tiring. These pistons are of differential diameters, the

smaller diameters fitting the upper portions 5 of the cylinders' and the larger diameters litt-ing the lower portions 6. of the cylinders. rhe upper portions of the cylinders are theexplosion chambers, while I have termed. the lower portions the initial fuel receiving chambers. Between each pair ot cylinders I have provided a pair of chambers or interspaces 7, each communicating' by meansv of a passage-8 from 4the lower portion G ot one cylinder with the upper portion 5' oft' its mate. Following the action of the pair ot pistons l and 3 it will'be seen that' ony the down stroke of the piston?) asiit approaches; the bottonr et its stroke, a charge oiga-s1 isk drawn into the annularspace betweeny the piston and cylinder wall in the lower 'portion 6', and that on` its upward stroke the charge taken in is compressed thi-ough passage 8 intothe interspace 7 which communi-l Cates with the explosive chamber in the upper portion 5 o lf the' adjacent cylinder ot' the pair. .The cranksoit each pai-r ot' cylineders are arranged so/that the piston in one cylinder willv be at the bottom of its stroke when the piston. ot thef other cylinder is the top -o the stroke; Hence, when the pistoniv 3 which just receivedl a charge appreaches thetop yot" its stroke, the piston l approaches the bottom of its stroke opening the port 9 thereby admitting the fuel which hasbeen compressed in the interspace, into the explosive chamber above the piston.

The valves 10, 'for convenience may be termed leg valves they being formed as legs or extensions to the pistons. These valves are of such length as to keep the intakev ports 'l1 covered on the complete upward strokes ot the pistons and until they again approach the bottom oiu their stroke.

On the upward stroke ot the piston l the charge in the upper portion of the cylinder,

which has been transferred from the lower portion ot' its adjacent cylinder, is compressed suc-h position being shown by theY position of the piston 1 which is ready to receive the impact due to the explosion of the charge. The burntl gases are scavenged through the exhaust port 9a which port is opened on the downstroke o' the piston ust a. little before` the intake port 9 is uncovered. Intermingling of the fresh charge with the burnt gases is prevented by t-he battle 9b on the top of the cylinder.

The ignition ot the charge is timed by a suitable timing mechanism C which is connected by means of bevel gears to the crank shaft of the engine,

As a means for cooling the engine I have provided the water jacket 19 which surrounds the upper portion of the cylinders, communication between each pair of cylinders being made through the heads 20. At that portion of the cylinders which is toward the interspaces, the water jacket is formed between the cylinder wall and the wall of the interspace. Conduit like passages 21 are provided for the intake and exhausty ports.

In order to keep the cylinder wallsfwell lubricated I provide annular' cupped rings or troughs 22 in the hollow portion of the pistons and toward their upper` ends for collecting lubricant which is splashed up by the action of the cranks in the oil reservoir 23. Oil which accumulates in the cupped aortions of the rinOs is carried out to the cylinder wall through the medium of small holes 24. The lubricant is carried across the ports 9 and 9a by means of webs 25. The lower parts of the cylinders are splash lubricated.

In this connection it will be seen that owing to the particular construction of the cylinders and pistons,the explosion chamber or small diameter piston cannot be lubricated f directly by the splash, as is the lower or large diameter piston, and hence lubricant must be supplied thereto by other means. The novel arrangement which I have shown constitutes a simple and effective means for lubricating the upper cylinder and piston from the inside of the hollow piston thru the medium of splash lubrication.

signed my name.

Lef/6,512

portion oi the pistons, apertures extending from the collecting members through the piston walls, and webs in the fuel ports of the cylinder', the aforesaid apertures being' so spaced that certain apertures register with the fuel port webs whereby to prevent flow of lubricant into the ports.

2. In an engine, the combination of an upper cylinder, a lower cylinder, a connected upper and lower piston fitted to said cylinders, the upper piston having an oil receiving trough and discharge passages leading from the trough to the wall -of the upper cylinder, an oil reservoir from which oil is splashed on operation ofthe engine to reach he wall of the lower cylinder and the trough,

fuel ports in the cylinders, and websin the fuelv ports, the aforesaid discharge passages; being so spaced that certain passages register with the fuel port webs whereby toprevent flow of lubricant into the fuel ports.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto I-IOl/VARD E. ALLEN. 

